PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=156,8\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{156,8}\cdot100\%\approx16,2\%\)

\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

          0,05<-0,1<------0,05<---0,05

\(b,m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{14,6\%}=25\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=25+2,8-0,05.2=27,7\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{27,7}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           0,05<-0,1<-----------0,05

=> m = 0,05.56 = 2,8 (g)

c) \(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)

n_Fe = 11.2/56 = 0.2 (mol) 

Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2 

0.2____0.2_______0.2___0.2 

mH2SO4 = 0.2*98 = 19.6 (g) 

mdd H2SO4 = 19.6*100/10 = 196 (g) 

m dd sau phản ứng = 11.2 + 196 - 0.4 = 206.8 (g) 

mFeSO4 = 0.2*152 = 30.4 (g) 

C% FeSO4 = 30.4/206.8 * 100% = 14.7% 

Vdd H2SO4 = mdd H2SO4 / D = 196 / 1.14 = 171.9 (ml) 

CM FeSO4 = 0.2 / 0.1719 = 1.16 M 

n_Fe = 11.2/56 = 0.2 (mol) 

Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2 

0.2____0.2_______0.2___0.2 

mH2SO4 = 0.2*98 = 19.6 (g) 

mdd H2SO4 = 19.6*100/10 = 196 (g) 

m dd sau phản ứng = 11.2 + 196 - 0.4 = 206.8 (g) 

mFeSO4 = 0.2*152 = 30.4 (g) 

C% FeSO4 = 30.4/206.8 * 100% = 14.7% 

Vdd H2SO4 = mdd H2SO4 / D = 196 / 1.14 = 171.9 (ml) 

CM FeSO4 = 0.2 / 0.1719 = 1.16 M 

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 0,25.........0,5.........0,25.......0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ b.m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,25}{3}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\\ \Rightarrow Fe_2O_3dư\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,25=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{6}.56\approx9,333\left(g\right)\)

a,\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Mol:    0,25     0,5                      0,25

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

b,\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

c,\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ → 2Fe + 3H₂O

Mol:                   0,25      \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{3}\)⇒ Fe₂O₃ dư, H₂ hết

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{6}.56=9,33\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)

          1        2              1            1

        0,25    0,5                        0,25

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,25.2}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow\left(t_o\right)2Fe+3H_2O|\)

         3           1                  2           3

       0,25       0,1                \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)

Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,25}{3}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\)

                  ⇒ H₂ phản ứng hết , Fe₂O₃ dư

                  ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của H₂

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,25.2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{6}.56=9,3\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a.b.

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,05     0,1                        0,05    ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)

c.

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)

             0,05           0,05           ( mol )

\(m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2g\)

a)

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
b)

Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 15,6 - 11,2  = 4,4(gam)$

$a\big)2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$

$b\big)$

$n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2(mol)$

Theo PT: $n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3(mol)$

$\to V_{H_2(đktc)}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)$

$c\big)$

Theo PT: $n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2(mol)$

$\to m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7(g)$